Incandescent hydrocarbon-lamp.



No. 758,988. PATENTE-D AUG. 30, 1904.

8. GRANT & T. L; STEWART. INCANDESGENT HYDROCAR-BON LAMP.

APPLIOATIOS FILED OCT. 11. 1902.

N0 IODEL.

IN 15 17023 rd? "If "In" f UNITED STATES Patented August 30, 1994.

PATENT OFFICE.

STEWART (JrRAN'l AN!) THOMAS LEE STEWAR'I, 0F PORTLAND, OREGON; SAIDGRANT ASSIUNOR TO SAll) STEWART.

l NCANDESCENT HYDRQCAHBON-LAMP.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 768,988, dated August30, 1904.

Application filed October 11, 1962.

Be it known that we, STEWART Gaan rand lHOMAS LBE STEWART, both citizenso? the United States, and residents of Portland, in

the county of Multnomah and State of Ore= gon, have invented a new andImproved Incandescent Hydrocarbon-Lamp, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact dcscrip tion.

Our invention relates to improvements in incandescent hydrocarbon-lampswith a retort-vaporizer constructed to return the hydrocarbonvapor to apoint below fuel-inlet and on same'side of lamp on which fuel-inlet islocated, the feed-tube leading into a canopy or hood and the feed-tubeand the g'ettube being in the shape of V, and both of said tubes beingstraight, or nearly so, so as to enable one to easily clean both of saidtubes andto insert and renew the wire-gauze or other packingwhenevcrsaine is needed.

One object that we have in View to provide an improved form ofretort-vaporizer which is of small compact construction adapted to beinitially heated by the application of a match or small torch, which isconstructed of a material that is non-oxidizablc, so as to overcomedisintegration under the action of heat and the formation of scaleeither inside or outside to the end that the tendency to clog up isminimized, and which is capable of being easily cleaned fromaccumulation of sediment and readily packed with a suitable material.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved form ofvalve hanger or coupling arranged to insure a direct feed of thehydrocarbon to the retort-vaporizer and in which provision is made forthe collection of any water and sediment that may be. present in thehydrocarbon.

A further object that We have in view is the provision of a simple formof canopy adapted to lit the retort-vaporizer closely, so as to avoidignition of vapor issuing from tho jet-tube from the torch or match whenbeing lighted and to close the space between the members thereof, saidcanopy being capable of easy adjustment relative to the vaporizer Seriallie. 26,93Zi

to permit easy access to the chimney or incandescent mantle of the lamp.

The further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from thesubjoined description. and the novelty may be defined in the annexedclaims.

Reference is to he had to the accompanying drawings, forniinga partofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation through a hydrocarbonincandescent-lamp constructed in accordance with our invention, thegallery, mantle, and chimney being ornitted. Fig. 2 is a detail view, onan enlarged scale, of the improved canopy. Fig. 3 is an elevationlooking at the rear side of the ad justable canopy. Fig. 4 is a planview of the i adjustable canopy, illustrating the interlocking slidableengagement of the removable piece with said canopy; and Fig. is anenlarged horizontal section through the lower portion of the vaporizerin order to more clearlyshow the construction of the valve, the needle,and the packing for said valve.

5 designates a tank or reservoir which is provided in its upper headwith a llllingnoz zle 6, adapted to be closed by a removable cap 7,which is screwed into the nozzle. The lower head of the tank orreservoir is provided with a central flange 8, through which passes theupper portion of a vertical supplytube 9. the latter being of anysuitable length and extending for a suitable distance below the tank orreservoir. This upper part of the supply-tube is extended or carriedthrough the tank or reservoir, and at apointjnst above the lower head ofsaid tanli the supplytube is provided with one or more inlet-ports 10,said perforated pipe of the tube being surrounded by a metallic packing11 of wiregauze or any other suitable material. The hydrocarbon or othercombustible liquid is charged into the tank through the filling-nozzle 6thereof, after which the cap 7 is replaced, and the iiquid is free toenter this supply-tube by passing through the metallic packing ll andthe perforations or ports 10. l The upper extremity of the tube 9 isextended through the upper head of the tank, and l in this end of saidtube is secured the shank 12 of a suspension hook or hanger 12), the llatter being of any suitable construction. The upper extremity of thetube J may he soldered in the heads of the tank, hut we prefer to rivetthe shank of the hanger in the tube, as indicated at 14:. The tube 2) isfurthermore provided with one or more vent- 1 openings 1;") at a pointjust below the lower extremity of the hanger-shank 12. thus all lowingair or vapor to enter the tube and insuring a free flow of liquidthrough said tube and to the retort-vaporizer, to he presentlydescribed. The vent'opcnings 15 also serve as an outlet for any water orsediment which may accumulate in a well or chamber of the. coupling orhanger 16, which serves to unite the combining-tube l7 andretort-vaporizer lb. to the supply-tube 9.

The coupling or hanger 16 is preferably st in a single piece of metal,and it con s of a suitable body having the nipples 16" 16" and theflanged mouth 16". The supply'tube 8 is titted in and secured to thenipple 1b of the coupling by a thread-joint. thus detachahly uniting thecoupling and the supplytuhe. The nipple 16" ofthe coupling is disposedat an angle to and on theopposite 5 side of the coupling from the nipple113, to which the supply-tube is attached, and this nipple 1H"communicates directly with the liquid-passage if) in thehody of thecoupling. Said coupling is furthermore provided with a valve-nozzle 19,the same being interiorly threaded to receive the threaded pipe of astem-like valve 21), the extremity of the lat.- ter being tapered inorder to snugly lit in the valve-seat .21, which isprovided in theliquidl passage is in line with the nipple is". This valve-stem isequipped at its outer end with a thumb-piece :22, which may be ofcompressed tiber or any other suitable material, and said valve-stem isalso equipped with stuiiing-nut 23, which is intended to prevent leakagearound valve-stem. This mire-stem 20 extends across the passage us" ofthe coupling, and it is adapted to close the communication between thecoupling and the retortvaporizer, thus making provision for controllingthe flow of liquid to said vaporizer. The coupling and the valve arecompactly disposed, so that the tube 17 may be grasped i by hand and the'alve-wheel may be operated with the thumb and forelinger.

The mixingor combining tube IT is curved or arched, as shown in thedrawings, and the. upper end of said tube is secured in any suitable wayto the lower part of the coupling 145, said combining-tuhe having directcommunication with the flanged mouth it? at the lower part of thecoupling. The lower end of this combining or mixing tube is providedwith a cast-metal foot-piece 24, from which extends a nozzle 25, adaptedto support agalthe body 32 lery. lNot shown.) The gallery affords a seatfor a lamp-chimney and the support for an incandescent mantle; but asthese parts are well known to those skilled in the art we have notconsidered it necessary to illustrate the same in the drawings nor tomore fully describe them.

2t designates a canopy which is made from sheet metal that is bent to acylindrical shape. the meeting edgesof the canopy being seamed, folded,or otherwise fastened together. The canopy is open at its upper andlower ends, and it is provided with a vertical longitudinal slot .27,the slotted construction of said canopy pern'utting It to he lifted withcomparative ease and freedom in relation to the retort-vaporizl r body32.

is a stripof sheet metal with edges folded over, arranged to interlockwith a similar fold 51 on the canopy 26 and having holes 52 53 for thelarge and small generator-tubes to pass through. The tip or nozzle 3:")of the small generator tube 33 is adapted to be placed thereon aftersuch tube is passed through the hole 53, and the slot 27 in the canopypermits the latter to pass down over the generator, said slot .27 havingan enlarged opening 121' (see Fig. 3) to admit a match or torch. Thecanopy is secured in place by and lugs 32 thereon. (See Fig. 5.) Thecanopy is raised by sliding the body :26 thereof upwardly on each sideof the piece 50, the folded edges not being so tight as to prevent thesliding motion of the canopy. Said body of the canopy remains on thegenerator when the piece In) is entirely removed.

The vaporizer its is of small construction in order to lit the canopy26. the inside diameter of which lays over and tits the chimney, andsaid vaporizer cons ts, essentially, of a body 32, a jet-tube 33, afeed-tube 2H, and nipple 35. \Ye have found that ordinary materials suchas brass, copper, and ironare liable to disintegrate and form scaleunder the action of heat necessary to vaporize the hydrocarhon liquid,and the formation of this scale is very objectionable and detrimental tothe 1 operation of the vaporizer. particularly when the same is made ofsmall dimensions and compact construction, because the scale is liableto clog the opening in nozzle tip or nipple of the 'aporizer and tointerfere with its successful operation. To overcome these defects andto produce a vaporizer which is capable of being easily heated by theapplication of a match or small torch, we make the jet-tube. 33, the

feed-tube 2H, and the nipple 3;") of nickel-silver. We have found thatthis material is free from any tendency to oxidize under the influenceof such a degree of heat as would be usual while lamp is in operationand that it does not disintegrate or scale, so that the liquid 3 andvapor passages in the operating parts of the vaporizer will be free frommetallic accumulations, thus allowing the liquid and the va ior to'passreadily at all times. The body 32 of the vaporizer is provided withsuitable nipples in which are secured t'hetubes 33 34, said tube 33being arranged in horizontal position and in line with the flaring mouthid of the valved coupling 16. The feed-tube 3a is disposed in aninclined position between the body 32 and the coupling 16, the upper endof said tube 34 being secured in the nipple 16" by threading or anysuitable Way. The liquid hydrocarbon is free to ilow by gravity from thesupply-tube 9 and the pas sage 16 into the feed-tube 34, from whence theliquid passes through the jet-tube into the nozzle 35. The body 32 isinternally threaded for a part of its length to receive a threadedvalve-stem 36, the latter having a tapered end to lit a suitable seatprovided in said body. The valve 36 is thus adapted to control orregulate the passage of the hydrocarbon from the tube 34 into the tube33, and this valve works through a packing provided in a suitable sleeve37, which is attached to the body 32, said valve being also providedwith a suitable hand-wheel 38. The nozzle 35 is attached to theend ofthe jet-tube 33 outside of the canopy 26 and is arranged directlyopposite to the flared mouth l6"of the coupling. This nozzle is providedwith a contracted orifice through which vapor is discharged underpressure, and in the jet-tube 33 is disposed a longitudinal needle 39,the shank of which is secured to the inner valve-stem 36, while thepoint of the needle is adapted to be thrust through the orifice in thenozzle 35. The feed-tube 34 passes into the canopy or cover 26 through astraight or nearly-straight tube to a juncture to body 32, and jet-tubepasses from said body 32 back out of said canopy 26 in a horizontaldirection under said feed-tube 34, thus reversing the direction of theflow of the hydrocarbon and returning the hydrocarbon-vapor to same sideof lamp from which the supply is received by means of straight tubes and34. The compact construction of the vaporizer enables it to beadvantageously used in connection with the canopy, and this vaporizer isarranged to secure the maximum benefit of Waste heat from theincandescent mantle of the burner, thus reducing the area of exposure ofthe vaporizer to the surrounding atmosphere. The nozzle is of smalldimensions, so that it may be readily heated at the beginning of theoperation of lighting the lamp by a match or small torch. Theconstruction of the valved coupling 16 and the relation of the supplypipe 9 thereto is such that the parts may be used in a single or doublelamp by turning the supply-pipe one-half of a revolution in the coupling16.

The feed-tube 34 of the retort-vaporizer should be provided with asuitable metallic packing or filling. This packing may consist of asuitable quantity of wire-gauze placed in said tube, and it will benoted'that the tube 3-1- is detachably secured to the nipple 16" of thevalved coupling 16, so that said tube may be removed from the couplingand the packing conveniently placed therein. Tube 34 being straight, ornearly so, permits the said tube being easily cleaned and repacked.

In operation the tank or reservoir 5 charged with a suitable quantity ofhydrocarbon, which passes through the pipe 9 to the coupling 16, thelatter being provided below the valve 2d with a well or chamber 40, inwhich may accumulate any sediment, water, or foreign matter present inthe hydrocarbon. The valve is opened when it is desired to use theapparatus, and the hydrocarbon passes from the pipe 9 and the passage 16directly into the pipe By opening the valve 36 the liquid is free topass through the pipe 33 and to the jet-nozzle This nozzle and tube 33are heated by the application of a match or torch, and the vapor andliquid supplied to the nozzlois vaporized, the vapor issuing from theorifice of the nozzle and passing directly into the mouth 16. The vaporis injected under gravity-pressure, and it induces acurrent or suctionof atmospheric air into the mouth 16 and the pipe 17, and this air andvapor are commingled or combined during the passage through the pipe 17,so as to produce a combustible mixture. The mixture is supplied to thenozzle of the foot-piece, which directs the vapor into the mantle, wherethe vapor is consumed for heating the mantle to astate of incandescence,and the waste heat arising from the mantle serves to raise thetemperature of the parts comprising the vaporizer. The hydrocarbonpassing through the vaporizer is converted into vapor, which is injectcd by the nozzle into the flared mouth 16, and the operation is thusrendered continuous. The volume of the liquid supplied to the nozzle maybe regulated to a nicety by adjustment of the valve 36, and when thisvalve is closed the needle 39 is projected into the orificeof thejet-nozzle, so as to keep the latter in a clean condition.

The hydrocarbon-supply to the vaporizer controlled by adjustment of thevalve 20. When it is desired to remove sediment or foreign matter thatmay accumulate in the well or chamber -16, the valves 20 and 36 areclosed, and the apparatusisinverted or turned so that the contents ofthe chamber l0 will pass through the pipe 9 and be discharged from thevent-openings 15 into the tank 5, from which the foreign matter may beremoved through the nozzle 6.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. A hydrocarbon-lamp having a combining-tube,a valved coupling attached to the up- 4 per part of said combining-tubeand provided 3 with a flaring mouth in line with said tube, a

&

supply-pipe united to said coupling at a point above the combining-tube,and a vaporizer supported by said coupling and located at one side ofsaid tubes, said vaporizer having one member attached to the couplingand its other member disposed in axial and spaced relation to theflaring mouth, said members of the vaporizer being disposed in divergentrelation and said vaporizer being equipped with a valve which isoperable independently of the valve in the coupling.

2. A hydrocarbon-lamp having a valved coupling, a supplytube attachedthereto, a combining-tube also attached to said coupling, a V-shapedvaporizer disposed at one side of the tubes and the coupling and havingone member attached to the coupling and its other member provided withmeans for injecting a vapor into the containing-tube, and a canopysupported by the vaporizer to practically inclose the members thereof,said canopy being slidable vertically on the vaporizer.

In a hydrocarbon-lamp, a vaporizer hav ing a feed-tube, an injectortubeand a nozzle, each of said parts being made of a metallic alloyconsisting of nickel-silver which is of a non-flaking character underthe conditions prevailing in the service of a hydrocarbon-lamp.

4, A hydrocarbon-lamp, comprising a feedtube, a combining-tube, adouble-tube vaporizer having one tube thereof connected with saidfeed-tube and its other tube disposed opposite to the combining-tube,and a canopy partially inc-losing the parts of said vaporizer andadjustable vertically with relation thereto, said canopy having avertical slot in one side and provided on its other side with a memberthat 1s secured to the vaporizer-tubes and l has slidable connectionwith the body of the canopy.

In a hydrocarbon-lamp, the combination with a retort-vaporizer havingfeed and injector tubes, of a slotted canopy having a nonadjustablemember fitted to said retort-vaporizer, the body of said canopyenveloping the vaporizer and having slidable connection with saidnon-adjustable member for vertical movement with respect to thevaporizer.

6. In a hydrocarbon-lamp, the combination with a vaporizer, of a canopyenveloping the same, said canopy consisting of members connectedslidably together, one member being attached to the vaporizer and theother being vertically adjustable with respect thereto.

7. In a hydrocarbon-lamp, a V-shaped vaporizer having a feed-tube and ajet-tube attached to a body, and a valve supported by said body andextending through the jet-tube thereof, the free end of said valvehaving a needle, combined with a valved coupling to which the feed-tubeis united, a combiningtube opposite to the jet-tube, and a canopy havinga non-sliding member fitted to said vaporizer: both tubes of thevaporizer passing through said members, and the body of the canopy beingslidable vertically with respect to the member and the vaporizer.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

STEIVART (ll-RANT. THOMAS LEE S'IEIVART.

\Vitnesses:

IV. \VILBUR, J. H. BANKS.

